The battle of Vienna ook place at Kahlenberg Mountain near Vienna on 12 September 1683 after the imperial city had been besieged by the Ottoman Empire for two months. The term "Royal Hungary" fell into disuse after 1699, and the Habsburg Kings referred to the newly enlarged country by the more formal term "Kingdom of Hungary". In 1570, John Sigismund Zápolya, the rival Hungarian king, abdicated as King of Hungary in Emperor Maximilian II's favor, which was expressed in the Treaty of Speyer. The central territories of the medieval Hungarian kingdom were annexed by the Ottoman Empire for 150 years. Territory of present-day Slovakia and northwestern Transdanubia were constant parts of this polity while the control was often switched at region of northeastern Hungary between Royal Hungary and Principality of Transylvania. During the Ottoman wars the territory of former Kingdom of Hungary was reduced by around 70% despite these enormous territorial and demographic losses, the smaller heavily war-torn Royal Hungary remained economically more important than Austria or Kingdom of Bohemia even by the end of 16th century. Habsburg monarchs needed the economic power of Hungary for the Ottoman wars. John I secured the eastern part of the kingdom (known as Eastern Hungarian Kingdom). Temporary territorial division between the rival rules (John I and Ferdinand I) occurred only in 1538 at Treaty of Nagyvárad, when the Habsburgs got the north and west parts of the country (Royal Hungary), with the new capital Pressburg (Pozsony, now Bratislava). Royal Hungary (1526–1699), was the name of the portion of the medieval Kingdom of Hungary where the Habsburgs were recognized as Kings of Hungary in the wake of the Ottoman victory at the Battle of Mohács (1526) and subsequent partition of the country. The Habsburg family grew to European prominence with the marriage and adoption treaty by Emperor Maximilian I at the First Congress of Vienna in 1515, and the subsequent death of adopted Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia in 1526.įollowing the death of Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia in the Battle of Mohács against the Turks, his brother-in-law Archduke Ferdinand of Austria was elected the next King of Bohemia and Hungary. The Habsburg family originated with the Habsburg Castle in modern Switzerland, and after 1279 came to rule in Austria ("the Habsburg Hereditary Lands"). The map of the empire Origins of the Habsburgs And after that it was moved again to Vienna where it remained the longest time from 1611 to 1804 Than it was moved to Prague for 28 years from 1583 to 1611. The capital city has been changed many times firstly, from 1526 until 1583 the capital city was Vienna. It was the second largest country in Europe after Russian Tsardom. Austria was a small state inside cetral europe before annexing Kingdom of Bohemia and Kingdom of Hungary in 1526.
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